On 28 May, amendments to the law “On military duty and military service” came into force, which excluded the age limit for those wishing to conclude the first contract. Presumably, they were sent out to invite men to the military registration and enlistment office to conclude a contract to stay in the mobilization human reserve. The subpoenas that the janitors were instructed to hand out were drawn up incorrectly – they did not indicate the purpose of the call. Subpoenas to the military commissariats to reservists began already in April. Human rights activists reported a huge – up to 30,000 people as of August 2022 – death toll among mobilized recruits in clashes with the well-trained Armed Forces of Ukraine. Recruits without training and combat experience found themselves on the front lines without adequate supplies: the units lack uniforms, weapons, food, and medicines. The mobilization revealed numerous problems of the armed forces of the DNR and LNR. To avoid mobilization, residents are forced to hide or try to illegally leave the republics. In the enterprises of the region, up to 80% of employees were called up, which led to the shutdown of mines, public transport, paralysis of city and public services. The mobilization was accompanied by mass raids on men of military age. Tens of thousands of local residents were forcibly mobilized for the war (according to one estimate, up to 140,000 people by mid-June 2022). On 19 February 2022 – 5 days before the start of Russia's invasion of Ukraine - in the Donetsk and Luhansk People's Republics, which at that time were not recognized by any internationally recognized sovereign state, including Russia, general mobilization began. Pink in the Donbas area represents areas held by the DPR/ LPR separatists in September 2014 (cities in red) Donetsk and Luhansk People's Republics Ĭrimea, which Russia annexed in 2014, is shown in pink. The Soviet Union mobilized its population and industry following the 1941 Nazi German invasion during World War II. Previously, mobilizations in the Russian Empire were conducted during the Russo-Japanese War in 1904, and at the beginning of World War I in 1914. Russia had previously avoided declaring mobilization in Ukraine until this point. For example, on 8 March, Vladimir Putin publicly promised that no reservists would be called upon to fight in Ukraine. Since the beginning of its invasion of Ukraine, Russian authorities had repeatedly rejected the possibility of mobilization at least 15 times, according to The Moscow Times. 7.1.2 Russia's officials and their families.1.1 Donetsk and Luhansk People's Republics.On 1 November 2022, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov repeated that mobilization had been completed and stated that a decree was not needed to end mobilization. It has been speculated that officially, mobilization will only end after Putin signs the relevant decree, but Putin himseslf has questioned this point of view. On 31 October 2022, Putin announced that mobilization had "definitely" been completed. On 31 October, the Russian Ministry of Defense released a second statement regarding the completion of mobilization, in which it reported that draft notices were no longer being handed out. On October 28, Shoigu told Putin that mobilization had been completed. On 14 October 2022, Putin claimed that the partial mobilization would be completed “in about two weeks”. The precise details of the mobilization plans are currently unclear, however, as the exact number of people to be mobilized is classified. Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu announced that Russia had a "huge mobilization reserve" and planned to mobilize 300,000 in reserve. With the announcement of mobilization, Putin escalated Russia's military efforts in the war with Ukraine. The decision was made a day after the announcement of referendums on the accession of the DPR, LPR, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia oblasts. On 21 September 2022, Russian President Vladimir Putin announced a "partial mobilization" of military reservists in Russia.
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